Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis)
A kidney infection is one of the urinary tract infections (UTIs). Most kidney infections are caused by bacteria or viruses that first infect the lower urinary tract. Then, the infection travels upstream to one or both kidneys, which are part of the upper urinary tract.
In some cases, the kidney infection will occur after surgery if bacteria enter the body during the process and travel through the blood to the kidneys.
Onco-Nephrology (Kidney Cancer)
Onco-nephrology comprises the extensive range of kidney disorders that can arise in patients with cancer. Beyond cancers of the kidney, non-renal cancers can have renal complications, and anticancer therapies, including chemotherapy.