Global Congress on
Nephrology
November 23-24, 2026 | Dubai, UAE
Anatomy & Physiology of Kidney
The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal structures, found on the posterior muscular wall of the abdominal cavity. The left kidney is located marginally more superior than the right kidney due to the larger size of the liver on the right side of the body. The upper poles are typically oriented more medially and posteriorly than the lower poles. When compared to the other abdominal organs, the kidneys lie behind the peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity and are thus considered to be retroperitoneal organs. The ribs and muscles of the back protect the kidneys from external injury.
The kidneys serve significant functions, including filtration and excretion of metabolic waste products, regulation of necessary electrolytes, fluid, and acid-base balance, and stimulation of red blood cell production. They also assist in regulating blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, regulating reabsorption of water, and upholding intravascular volume. The kidneys also reabsorb glucose and amino acids and have hormonal functions through erythropoietin, calcitriol, and activation of vitamin D.
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Tags
- Physiology of Kidney Conferences
- Physiology of Kidney Conferences
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- Physiology of Kidney Summit
- Physiology of Kidney Meetings
- Physiology of Kidney Congress
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- Physiology of Kidney webinar