Anesthesia at the extremes of age presents unique challenges that require specialized approaches and multidisciplinary collaboration. Elderly patients often face complex perioperative risks due to comorbidities, polypharmacy, and reduced physiological reserve, while children require tailored techniques that account for developmental physiology, age-specific pharmacology, and psychological well-being. This session will highlight advances in managing both geriatric and pediatric populations, focusing on safe sedation, regional anesthesia, multimodal pain control, and enhanced monitoring strategies. Presenters are invited to share insights into perioperative optimization, prevention of complications such as delirium in elderly patients or airway difficulties in children, and innovative recovery protocols designed for these vulnerable groups. Special attention will also be given to minimizing long-term cognitive effects in pediatric anesthesia and improving functional outcomes in older adults. By bringing together anesthesiologists, surgeons, and allied specialists, this session will provide a comprehensive platform to exchange best practices, share clinical data, and discuss future directions for delivering safe, effective, and compassionate anesthesia care across generations.