Menopause, PCOD, and Climacteric Period
Menopause, PCOD, and Climacteric Period
Menopause marks the cessation of menstruation and reproductive function in women, typically occurring around the age of 50. It is characterized by hormonal changes, including declining levels of estrogen and progesterone, leading to symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal dryness. Menopause signifies the end of fertility but can be managed with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of osteoporosis and heart disease. Keywords: Menopause, cessation of menstruation, hormonal changes, estrogen, progesterone, hot flashes, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), osteoporosis, heart disease.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age, characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen levels, and multiple cysts on the ovaries. Symptoms include acne, hirsutism, weight gain, and infertility. PCOS increases the risk of metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Treatment focuses on symptom management through lifestyle modifications, hormonal contraception, and medications to regulate menstrual cycles and improve fertility.
Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), hormonal disorder, irregular menstrual cycles, androgen levels, ovarian cysts, acne, hirsutism, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, infertility.