Drug and substance abuse involves the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances that
alter brain function and behavior. Repeated use can rewire reward pathways,
strengthening cravings and compulsive patterns. Over time, judgment, impulse
control, and emotional regulation become impaired. Social environment, stress,
and availability strongly influence substance use behaviors. Prevention, early
intervention, and evidence-based treatment are crucial for reducing long-term
harm.