Anemia during pregnancy results from abnormal red blood cell production, primarily caused by iron deficiency, leading to reduced hemoglobin synthesis. This condition produces fatigue, low energy, and decreased work capacity, and if unmanaged, can adversely affect maternal and fetal health.

Objective: This study aimed to compare health behaviors (food and iron supplement consumption) and blood concentration levels among pregnant women with anemia before and after participation in a nutrition promotion program.

Design: A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was employed.

Methodology: Participants were 30 pregnant women with anemia receiving antenatal care at a community hospital in Nakhon Si Thammarat province between January and March 2024. They were purposively selected based on inclusion criteria. Sample size was calculated using a test power of .80, significance level of .05, and effect size of 0.5. The intervention was a nutrition promotion program developed according to Pender’s health promotion theory, with content validity confirmed by experts (CVI = 1.00). Data collection tools included a general information questionnaire, a pregnancy-related questionnaire, and a food and iron supplement consumption behavior questionnaire (CVI = 1.00; Cronbach’s α = .84). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests.

Nudsara Malasri is currently a lecturer at Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromrajchanok Institute. She graduated with a Master of Nursing Science (M.N.S.) in Midwifery from Chiangmai University in 2022 and a Bachelor of Nursing Science from Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Si Thammarat in 2013. And specializes in Midwifery and the science and art of nursing education. Her research interests include nursing research related to maternal, infant, and midwifery care, as well as SBL in nursing education.