Increasing the heat transfer rate of heat exchange equipment by the conventional process fluid having a low thermal conductivity can no longer meet the requirements of high-rate heat transfer. The concept of Nano-fluid refers to a new kind of heat transport fluid by suspending Nano-scaled metallic or non-metallic particles in the base fluid. Some experimental investigations have revealed that the Nano-fluids have remarkably higher heat transfer coefficients compared to those of conventional pure fluids and shown that they have great potential for heat transfer enhancement. Nano-fluids are more suitable for practical applications compared with the existing techniques for enhancing heat transfer rate by adding millimeter and/or micrometer-sized particles in the base fluids.

Marzieh Yousefifar obtained her master's degree in Nano Chemical engineering from Shiraz University. She has written two research papers and has conducted extensive research in the field of nanotechnology. She worked for 8 years in R&D and Quality Management services in Shiraz, Iran. She is knowledgeable in the formulation process and QC/QA SOPs, as well as the regulatory affairs in product master and site master filing cases.