The question of how photoreceptor cells (PRCs) and retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPECs) remain functionally unchanged for decades in healthy eyes is being addressed. We have uncovered a new family of lipid mediators, the elovanoids (ELVs), which are critical in the protection cascade that includes targeting gene clusters that promote homeostasis and maintenance of cell integrity. They are bioactive derivatives of the essential fatty acid family member docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). We have also defined a molecular cascade to downregulate oxidative stress by which ELVs through TXNRD1 would sustain protection of PRCs and RPECs. We found in human retina of AMD patients, especially in females, that a failure in the pathway for ELV synthesis in rods leads to retinal degeneration. Moreover, ELVs contribute to RPEC/PRC resiliency and integrity by epigenetic modulation of specific pro-inflammatory and prohomeostatic pathways. Using our AdipoR1 KO, MFRP (rd6), and single-cell genomics, we are defining required signaling pathways to sustain RPEC and PRC homeostasis and functional integrity promoted by lipid mediators. We are setting the parameters and defining avenues to contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to slow down or delay the progression of AMD. Research support from the National Eye Institute (NIH) grant R01EY005121 and the Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Foundation.

A true Renaissance man,” Dr. Bazan is an innovative scientist, effective mentor, community leader, creative author, arts patron, entrepreneur, and influencer in implementing a knowledgebased local economy. His pioneering research continuously opens conceptual in-roads in neuroscience, ophthalmology, and medicine by uncovering signaling mechanisms and novel molecular principles of successful aging, cell survival, neuroprotection in stroke, traumatic brain Paste your Logo here injury, and neurodegenerative diseases as part of his ongoing quest to contribute to a challenge to civilization: the growing incidence of the loss of cognition and sight.