Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the mortality structure over 8 years among patients with various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) hospitalized for coronary revascularization, radiofrequency ablation, and drug correction.

Materials and Methods: The cohort study included 3,726 patients (1,859 men and 1,867 women). Patients were hospitalized (in 2016)  on a planned basis for diagnostic invasive procedures, medical treatment, and surgical care for the following conditions: coronary heart  disease (CHD); CHD with cardiac arrhythmias; cardiac arrhythmias without CHD; hypertension, and other CVDs. In 2024-2025, telephone calls were conducted to patients and their families to assess potential 8-year complications and mortality. Both overall mortality and mortality by specific causes were assessed: coronary events, stroke, complications of diabetes, cancer, and COVID-19, as well as aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, chronic renal failure, respiratory failure, and others.

Results: After 8 years of follow-up, one in four patients hospitalized for surgical and medical treatment for various CVD died. Among those who died, one in two died as a result of coronary events, and one in ten died from stroke. Complications of COVID-19 were the cause of death in 15.8% of patients. Cancer was the cause of death in 7.3% of cases, and pulmonary embolism accounted for 6.2% of deaths. Between 2016 and 2024, the highest number of deaths occurred in 2019-2021. Analysis of complications by individual clinical diagnoses demonstrated that among individuals hospitalized with CHD, 32.2% of patients died during 8 years of follow-up (26.3% among men and 29.6% among women (p<0.001)). With a combination of CHD and cardiac arrhythmias, the fatality rate was 44.3% (42.3% among men and 47.2% among women (p<0.001)). Among individuals with cardiac arrhythmias, fatal outcomes were recorded in 20.9% of cases during the follow-up (15.9% among men and 24.5% among women (p<0.001)). Among individuals hospitalized for other CVDs, fatal outcomes were recorded in 24.3% of cases (20.7% among men and 26.7% among women (p<0.001)). Pairwise analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in mortality between the different groups (p<0.001). An exception was the comparative analysis of the groups of patients with CHD and those with other CVDs (p=0.097). After adjusting for age, statistically significant differences in mortality remained, with the exception of differences between the groups with CHD and CHD combined with cardiac arrhythmias.

Conclusion: In all groups, coronary events were the leading cause of death, followed by complications of coronavirus infection and stroke. To reduce the risk of fatalities after inpatient treatment with revascularization, catheter ablation, and drug therapy among individuals with various CVDs, long-term and effective secondary prevention of NCDs at the outpatient stage of treatment is required.

Dr. Mamedov was born on January 10, 1970, in Sheki, Azerbaijan, and is a distinguished Azerbaijani cardiologist based in Moscow, Russia. He completed his medical education at the Moscow Medical Academy named after I.M. Sechenov, followed by postgraduate and doctoral studies in cardiology at the National Research Center for Preventive Medicine. Since 2002, Dr. Mamedov has led the Department of Secondary Prevention of Chronic Non-infectious Diseases at the National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. His research focuses on cardiovascular disease epidemiology, risk factors, and pharmacotherapy. Dr. Mamedov has authored 468 articles, 13 monographs, and holds a Hirsch index of 40. He serves as the President of the Cardioprogress Foundation, is on the board of the Russian Society of Cardiology, and is Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Heart and Vascular Diseases.