Among the symptoms and/or signs of many infectious diseases are yellow discoloration of the skin (jaundice) which can also be seen on the mucus membrane of the eyes (conjunctiva). Conjunctiva can also have other manifestations in infectious diseases such as congestion. Examples of infectious diseases which have an effect on conjunctiva: viral conjunctivitis caused by adenovirus, Ocular Herpes, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, zika virus, avian infleunza, dengue fever, leptospirosis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, monkeypox, Ocular Tuberculosis. Examples of infectious diseases which can be presented by jaundice: viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, yellow fever, rift valley fever, malaria, Marburg virus disease. There are diseases among the above mentioned that are transmitted by vectors or are mainly zoonotic rather than being transmitted from human to human. An infectious disease can be defined as: ‘’ Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another’’. During the presentation in addition to outlining the dermatological manifestations, and the clinical picture to help in identification of cases (provisional diagnosis); the mode of transmission of each of the diseases included will be highlighted. It is essential to note that diagnosis of infections help in: (1) undertaking the needed public health measures; (2) in addition to taking the required management to prevent complications as soon as possible. 

Dr. Afraa is a community consultant doctor. She was the best resident among her batch of Saudi Board for community medicine. In 2016, she became a certified professional in healthcare quality. Many researches and reviews were done by her. She is also a certified peer reviewer by Publons Academy.