This study explored the influence of culture and religion on parenting styles of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as the enablers and barriers shaping these influences. Using a qualitative, descriptive exploratory design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with parents of children diagnosed with ASD attending a private inclusive school in the Southern Suburbs of Cape Town, in South Africa. This study employed purposive and convenience sampling methods to identify four participants and two key informants - a religious leader and an occupational therapy academic. Thematic analysis was used, where four themes were identified: (I) Culture, (II) Religion, (III) Parenting Styles, and (IV) Making Sense of ASD. The findings of the study displayed that parents prioritized their child’s well-being over adherence to cultural norms. However, religious values offered guidance and flexibility, supporting both family and child-centered approaches. Increased knowledge of ASD was linked to greater confidence in advocacy, which resulted in the recommendation of occupational therapists (OTs) providing targeted parent education. It is also recommended that future research should include fathers’ perspectives, a wider range of cultural and religious backgrounds, and generational differences to deepen understanding of how parenting styles are shaped in families of children diagnosed with ASD

Dr Zakeera Ganie, completed her PhD in Occupational Therapy, in May 2021. She is an occupational therapist and academic with two decades of experience spanning clinical practice, research, teaching, and community outreach. Her professional journey is rooted in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with disabilities, particularly focusing on support for neurodivergent populations. She is committed to advancing the field through evidence-based practice, research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and student mentorship.